《抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国行动》白皮书（双语全文）(64)

牢牢守住社区基础防线。城乡社区是疫情联防联控的第一线，是外防输入、内防扩散的关键防线。充分发挥基层主体作用，加强群众自治，实施社区封闭式、网格化管理，把防控力量、资源、措施向社区下沉，组建专兼结合工作队伍，充分发挥街道（乡镇）和社区（村）干部、基层医疗卫生机构医务人员、家庭医生团队作用，将一个个社区、村庄打造成为严密安全的“抗疫堡垒”，把防控有效落实到终端和末梢。按照“追踪到人、登记在册、社区管理、上门观察、规范运转、异常就医”的原则，依法对重点人群进行有效管理，开展主动追踪、人员管理、环境整治和健康教育。武汉市全面实施社区24小时封闭管理，除就医和防疫相关活动外一律禁止出入，由社区承担居民生活保障。其他地方对城市社区、农村村落普遍实施封闭式管理，人员出入检查登记、测量体温。加强居民个人防护，广泛开展社会宣传，强化个体责任意识，自觉落实居家隔离以及跨地区旅行后隔离14天等防控要求，严格执行外出佩戴口罩、保持社交距离、减少聚集等防护措施，养成勤洗手、常通风等良好生活习惯。
大力开展爱国卫生运动，提倡文明健康、绿色环保的生活方式。The community-based line of defense was well guarded.Communities and villages made up the first line of defense in epidemic prevention and control, a major barrier to inbound cases and local transmission. They served as the mainstay in China’s Covid-19 response. Residents and villagers were mobilized to help manage communities. Strict access control and grid-based management were exercised in communities, and human and material resources were channeled down to the community level to reinforce implementation of targeted measures. Task forces comprising both full-time and part-time community workers were set up, while officials at the sub-district/township and community/village levels, health workers of community medical facilities, and family doctors all performed their duties as a team. Through all these efforts, communities and villages were turned into strongholds, securing full implementation of response measures down to the lowest level.To deal with the four categories of vulnerable people, a number of measures were taken in accordance with the law, such as tracing, registering, and visiting each individual, placing them under community management, and transferring them, if necessary, to designated medical facilities for quarantine or treatment as per due procedures. Community actions were taken to keep local areas in good condition and promote health education.In Wuhan, rigorous 24-hour access control was enforced in all residential communities. No residents were allowed to leave and no non-residents allowed to access the community area other than for essential medical needs or epidemic control operations. Community workers were responsible for the purchase and delivery of daily necessities according to residents’ needs. This approach was also applied in communities and villages in other parts of China, where all residents had to register and undergo temperature checking when leaving or entering the residential area or village.Education programs were conducted to raise public awareness of the need for personal protection and enhance the sense of social responsibility. People observed self-quarantine at home and 14-day self-isolation after cross-region travel. They strictly followed personal protection measures such as wearing a mask when going out, maintaining proper social distancing, avoiding crowds, frequent handwashing, and regular ventilation. The tradition of the Patriotic Public Health Campaign which was initiated in the 1950s, with an emphasis on sanitation and personal hygiene, was also encouraged, along with a healthy, environment-friendly lifestyle .