《抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国行动》白皮书（双语全文）(69)

集中优势资源加强重症救治。疫情突发导致武汉市医疗资源挤兑。针对疫情初期患者数量激增与床位资源不足的突出矛盾，集中资源和力量在武汉市建设扩充重症定点医院和救治床位，将全部重症危重症患者集中到综合实力最强且具备呼吸道传染性疾病收治条件的综合医院集中开展救治。建成火神山、雷神山两座各可容纳1000多张床位的传染病专科医院，改扩建一批定点医院，改造一批综合医院，使重症床位从1000张左右迅速增加至9100多张，解决了重症患者大规模收治难题。优化重症救治策略，制定个体化医疗救治方案。建立专家巡查制度，定期组织专家团队对武汉市定点医院重症患者救治进行巡诊，评估患者病情和治疗方案。针对超过80%的重症患者合并严重基础性疾病情况，实行“一人一策”，建立感染、呼吸、重症、心脏、肾脏等多学科会诊制度，并制定重症、危重症护理规范，推出高流量吸氧、无创和有创机械通气、俯卧位通气等措施。
严格落实疑难危重症患者会诊制度、死亡病例讨论制度等医疗质量安全核心制度，强化对治愈出院患者健康监测，确保重症患者救治质量。开展康复者恢复期血浆采集和临床治疗工作，建立应急储备库，截至5月31日，全国共采集恢复期血浆2765人次，1689人次患者接受恢复期血浆治疗，取得较好治疗效果。Pooling premium resources to treat severe cases.The sudden appearance of Covid-19 in Wuhan put an overwhelming strain on its medical resources. There was a severe shortage of hospital beds in the early stage as the number of infections surged. By directing resources to Wuhan, China expanded the capacity of designated hospitals to deal with severe cases and increased the number of beds. Patients in severe and critical condition were gathered for treatment and intensive care at the best hospitals with the greatest capacity for accommodating patients with infectious respiratory diseases. Two hospitals with 1,000-plus beds each – Huoshenshan and Leishenshan – were built as specialist hospitals for treating infectious diseases, and a number of designated and general hospitals were expanded or remodeled. The number of beds for severe cases quickly increased from around 1,000 to more than 9,100. Hospitals were able to admit large numbers of patients who were seriously ill.The treatment strategy for severe cases was improved, and tailored treatment provided to individual patients. Inspection teams consisting of top experts were organized to regularly inspect Wuhan’s designated hospitals and evaluate patients in critical condition and their therapeutic regimen. For those with serious underlying medical conditions, who accounted for more than 80 percent of all severe cases, case-by-case treatment was prescribed after consultation with a multidisciplinary team consisting of experts on infection, respiratory diseases, heart and kidney diseases, and intensive care. In addition, a set of standards were formulated for nursing patients in severe and critical condition, and such measures as high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and ventilation in a prone position were adopted. Expert consultation on complex, severe and critical cases, and fatal cases, and other core medical security systems were strictly implemented. Those who have been cured and discharged from hospital have received rigorous health monitoring, and patients in severe condition have been given quality medical treatment.The plasma of convalescent Covid-19 patients has been collected to set up an emergency plasma reserve, and convalescent plasma therapy has been applied in clinical treatment. As of May 31, convalescent plasma had been collected from 2,765 recovered patients, and 1,689 patients had been treated with the therapy, with positive results.