子谦译文｜创业教什么：六种主流创业方法的比较(58)

尽管在将创业方法与创业阶段模型相结合存在挑战，但随着时间的流逝，这些方法似乎是可以互补的。当一个新公司的风险较低时，效果逻辑可能就是适用的方法；在风险较高的时，适用精益创业；然后到了风险投资的时候，例如在引入大量风险资金时，除非向投资者展示详细的计划或提案，否则很少有投资者愿意进行资金投入。此外，如果没有明确的目标就需要不断进行改变，比如将效果逻辑视为非目的性的努力；而有流动性的目标会促进改变，就像精益创业和设计思维；有固定目标会导致在面对变化时缺乏灵活性，比如商业计划、发现性驱动计划和规范性创业。
To avoid premature assignment of entrepreneurial methods to certain venture phases, a venture phaseagnostic metaphor of boating is proposed here to inspire future research.The size of the boat represents the phase of an entrepreneurial venture. Applying effectuation could then be viewed as traveling in a rowboat, where whoever boards the rowboat is allowed to row and thus reorient its direction somewhat. Any loss in speed or even of the boat itself is affordable, since the pace is slow and the boat is small. Space is limited, so each passenger needs to bring something of value on the journey. Applying the lean startup methodology could be viewed as traveling in a sailboat, where a redirection is analogous to upwind sailors tacking into the wind incarefully planned maneuvers. The more formal roles of a founder and a team are analogous to a captain and a sailboat crew, respectively, being a necessity on a more expensive and complex boat traveling in more dangerous waters. Applying business planning could be viewed as traveling in a large ferry toward a carefully planned destination, and where a loss of the boat is very costly.